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Economic research to improve livelihoods in NYC

Better wages and working conditions in the gig economy. Lifting the incomes of childcare providers, home health aides, and other woefully underpaid but vital workers. Ending the pernicious gender pay gap. Reforming New York State's dysfunctional unemployment insurance system. Ensuring that City and State tax and spending policies benefit every community.

Since its founding in 2017, CNYCA's Economic and Fiscal Policies Team has built a strong track record of researching and proposing solutions to these and other key issues in today's New York.

Our research has contributed to:

500,000

Workers benefitted from increased unemployment payments
Reforms to NYS partial unemployment insurance increased benefits by about $360 per month for 500,000 workers in 2021.

80,000

workers benefitted from the first-in-the-nation gig worker pay standard
Our groundbreaking research led to increased pay for 80,000 New York drivers for Lyft, Uber and other app-based platforms, increasing wages by an average of 25 percent.

30%

Wage increase for certified early childhood educators
Our analysis of pay disparities between non-profit and public early childhood educators helped advocates fight for starting salary parity between both sectors and increased the wages of certified teachers in the non-profit sector by 30-40%.

Economic and Fiscal Policy

All Publications

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Economic Updates
Officially, NYC Lost 20k Jobs During 2025. Actually, We Gained Just About That Many.

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‍James Parrott and Jaylexia Clark
April 28, 2026
Reports
NYC Budget Cost Estimate for Closing The Human Services Pay Equity Gap

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James A. Parrott
March 23, 2026
Reports
The Fiscal Flow between New York City and Albany

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March 10, 2026
Reports
New York City’s 2026 Economic & Budget Outlook: Making Affordability a Reality Amidst Inequality and Fiscal Constraints

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January 5, 2026
Reports
NYC Faces Imbalance of Taxes, Spending With Albany, New CNYCA-CUNY Study Finds

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December 17, 2025
Reports
Dignified Pay for Quality Care: What New York’s Family Child Care Providers Need to Thrive

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Lauren Melodia and Alex Madge Paredes
November 21, 2025
Reports
Dollars, Sense, and the 2025 Mayoral Election: Affordability, Tax Policy, and the Future of New York

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James A. Parrott
October 27, 2025
Economic Updates
How Slow Job Growth and Trump Policies Portend Deeper Inequality in New York

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Lauren Melodia and Audrey Jenkins
July 31, 2025
Economic Updates
A U.S. trade war is likely to harm New York City’s recovering economy

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Mohamed Obaidy
May 23, 2025
Economic Updates
Calm before the storm: Upward New York City job, labor force, and population revisions for 2024, but economic turbulence ahead

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James A. Parrott
April 10, 2025
Economic Updates
State and Federal Education Policy Changes Weigh Heavily on New York City’s Education System

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Prisca Ogombe and Lauren Melodia
March 27, 2025
Testimony
New York City Needs Additional Funds to Maintain Child Care Assistance Program (CCAP) Vouchers in State Fiscal Year 2026 and Beyond

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Lauren Melodia
March 20, 2025
Testimony
Testimony before the City Council Finance Committee’s hearing on the Mayor’s Preliminary Budget for 2026

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George Sweeting
March 5, 2025
Testimony
Testimony on Joint Legislative Budget Hearing on Taxes

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George Sweeting
February 27, 2025
Economic Updates
While the Top Three Percent of Wage Earners Get Richer, New York City’s Low Wage Workers Risk Greater Poverty.

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Mohamed Obaidy
February 27, 2025
Testimony
Testimony before the Joint Legislative Labor and Workforce Development Budget Hearing

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James A. Parrott
February 26, 2025
Reports
Moving Beyond Colas to Salary Parity for New York City's Nonprofit Human Service Workers

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James A. Parrott
January 23, 2025
Reports
New York City’s 2025 Economic & Budget Outlook

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Lauren Melodia, Mohamed Obaidy, George Sweeting and Prisca Agombe
January 9, 2025
Economic Updates
The Pandemic’s Aftermath: A Lingering Jobs Decline For NYC’s Shrinking, Beleaguered Middle Class

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Mohamed Obaidy
October 29, 2024
Reports
Wage Compression or Wage Divergence? Real Wage Growth Comparison between New York City and the U.S., 2019-2023

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Mohamed Obaidy, James Parrott, and Apurva Mehrotra
October 9, 2024
Economic Updates
Claims that Immigrants 'Take Jobs' from Others Don't Hold Water in NYC

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Lauren Melodia
August 6, 2024
Economic Updates
Working but Not Thriving: Job Growth and Poverty in NYC Both Above National Rates, Latest Figures Show

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Lauren Melodia
July 26, 2024
Reports
Unequal Ground

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L.K. Moe and Robert Noble
July 17, 2024
Reports
Gig Workers, Freelancers and Independent Contractors

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L.K. Moe
June 25, 2024
Reports
Public Transportation Subsidies and Racial Equity

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PRISCA AGOMBE AND GEORGE SWEETING
June 17, 2024
Reports
Considering Payments in Lieu of Taxes (PILOTs) from Tax-Exempt Hospitals and Universities

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George Sweeting
May 21, 2024
Economic Updates
NYC job growth again in line with national pace; record NYC labor force participation; but a mixed picture for sectors where undocumented migrants tend to work

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James A. Parrott
April 25, 2024
Urban Matters
Why Are Workplace Injuries and Fatalities On the Rise in New York?

The state’s rate of on-the-job injuries is far higher than the nation’s – and it’s climbing fast.

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James A. Parrott
April 24, 2024
Urban Matters
How City and State Leaders Can Meet the Child Care Crisis

Emergency Covid relief funds eased pressure on families and child care providers. That’s not an option anymore. Now what?

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Lauren Melodia
March 27, 2024
Economic Updates
Strong January job gains and a surprisingly large array of annual benchmark employment revisions

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James A. Parrott
March 18, 2024
Testimony
Transportation Network Company Driver Earnings Analysis and Pay Standards

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James Parrott and Michael Reich
March 8, 2024
Testimony
Testimony before the City Council Finance Committee's hearing on the Mayor's Preliminary Budget for 2025

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George Sweeting
March 7, 2024
Reports
Revised Expense Model for the NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission’s High-Volume For-Hire Vehicle Minimum Pay Standard

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James A. Parrott
February 7, 2024
Testimony
Worker's Compensation, Testimony before the Senate Labor Committee

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James A. Parrott
February 6, 2024
Economic Updates
New York City ended 2023 with slow job growth; Employment rates surpassed pre-pandemic levels for Black and white (but not Hispanic) workers

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Lauren Melodia
February 4, 2024
Testimony
Testimony on 2024-25 Executive Budget Proposal: Human Services

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Lauren Melodia
February 1, 2024
Urban Matters
Not Enough Budget Sun in Albany, With Lingering Clouds at City Hall

A tale of two budgets, as State and City leaders reveal spending plans for the year ahead.

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James A. Parrott
January 24, 2024
Reports
New York’s 2024 Economic and Budget Outlook: Post-Pandemic Reckoning for the City and the State

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James A. Parrott and George Sweeting
January 11, 2024
Urban Matters
Unemployment Is Coming Down – But Not as Much for Older Workers

Older workers make up a growing share of the discouraged long-term unemployed who have given up actively hunting for work.

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Drystan Phillips
January 10, 2024
Testimony
Testimony on Hearing on the November Budget Modification

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George Sweeting
December 12, 2023
Economic Updates
How the Rise in Care Work Intensifies New York’s Gender Income Inequality

Human Services & Childcare Workforce
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
Robert Noble
December 7, 2023
Economic Updates
While New York City’s economy is back to pre-pandemic job levels, rising public assistance demand highlights the need for State and City action to increase income for city residents

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Lauren Melodia
November 2, 2023
Reports
Closing the Gender Pay Gap: Why Pay Equity has Stalled in New York City and the Urgent Need for Action

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L.K. Moe
November 1, 2023
Reports
The latest Census Bureau data on incomes and poverty show just how far NYC has slipped from pre-pandemic levels in relation to the U.S. overall and the nation’s largest cities

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James A. Parrott
September 27, 2023
Economic Updates
New York City’s labor force participation has largely recovered, but out-of-school/out-of-work rates are higher, particularly among young Black New Yorkers

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
Emil Mella Pablo
September 21, 2023
Reports
High Calling, Low Wages. Home-Based Early Care and Education Providers in New York City

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Lauren Melodia
September 14, 2023
Economic Updates
Pandemic wage gains in New York City’s high-wage industries outpace gains for low- and middle-wage industry workers

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Lauren Melodia
August 24, 2023
Reports
The Economic Impact of a New York City Public Bank

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
State of the NYC Economy
James Parrott and Michele Mattingly
July 10, 2023
Economic Updates
Jobs in private sector close to pre-pandemic levels, alongside a shrunken public sector and shifts in the city’s industry composition

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
Lauren Melodia
June 22, 2023
Economic Updates
Cash Assistance rolls have risen sharply in New York City as a result of the uneven employment recovery and the end of various forms of pandemic economic assistance

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
James A. Parrott
May 11, 2023
Urban Matters
Cash Assistance rolls have risen sharply in New York City as a result of the uneven employment recovery and the end of various forms of pandemic economic assistance

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James A. Parrott
May 11, 2023
Economic Updates
Although unemployment has fallen in New York City, the last year has seen a sharp divergence in White and Black unemployment rates

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Emil Pablo and James A. Parrott
April 27, 2023
Economic Updates
NYC job growth slows and layoffs rise as national economic outlook weakens; NY’s unemployment safety net ill-prepared if unemployment rises

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
April 13, 2023
Economic Updates
How Forced Arbitration & Non-Competes Tip Justice’s Scales Against Workers

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
L.K. Moe and Sally Svenlen
March 30, 2023
Reports
An Active Market Labor Policy for New York City to Achieve Shared Prosperity

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
March 21, 2023
Testimony
Adjusting the Expense Component of the High-Volume For-Hire Vehicle Minimum Pay Standard

Testimony Submitted to the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission Hearing on The Proposed Amendments to the Minimum Driver Payment Rules for High-Volume For-Hire Services

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott
March 18, 2023
Testimony
Supporting the Need for a Connecticut Rideshare and Delivery Driver Minimum Pay Standard

Testimony Submitted to the Labor and Public Employees Committee Connecticut General Assembly Hearing on An Act Concerning Rideshare and Delivery Driver Minimum Standards

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott
March 18, 2023
Economic Updates
New York City’s job growth shrinks further in January, but the annual employment revision reveals an overall increase and significant changes for several industries

State of the NYC Economy
Emil Pablo and James A. Parrott
March 16, 2023
Reports
Fixing Unemployment Insurance Financing

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
March 2, 2023
Economic Updates
Recent NYC job growth concentrated in low- and moderate-wage industries; long-term employment growth prediction suggests job quality should be a top policy priority

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
February 23, 2023
Testimony
In order to maintain – much less expand – child care capacity and improve quality, early childhood educators need to be paid more.

Testimony before the Joint Legislative Hearing Committee on 2023-24 Executive Budget Proposal: Human Services

Human Services & Childcare Workforce
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
Lauren Melodia
February 2, 2023
Reports
Crime in the Time of COVID: How Economic Conditions and Policies Shape Public Safety in New York City

State of the NYC Economy
Lauren Melodia
January 30, 2023
Reports
NYC’S Unsettled COVID-19 Era Labor Market: The Case for an Active Labor Market Policy

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott and Lina Moe
January 18, 2023
Testimony
Wage Increases Would Quicken Lagging New York's Recovery

Testimony before the Assembly Standing Committee on Labor Subcommittee on Emerging Workforce Assembly Hearing to Address the Persistent Increase in People Leaving the Workforce, Focusing on the Factors Contributing to This Trend and Potential Solutions and Workers and Affected Industries

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
December 5, 2022
Economic Updates
Twenty industries have added 113,000 jobs since February 2020, but there are also concerns about job quality; gig jobs are back to pre-pandemic levels

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott
October 6, 2022
Economic Updates
Rise in labor force participation pushes up the city’s unemployment rate; average weekly hours and real wages have fallen for many workers.

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott
September 22, 2022
Economic Updates
Essential and remote-working industry jobs surpass pre-pandemic levels, while employment in face-to-face industries lags by more than nine percent

State of the NYC Economy
Emil Mella Pablo
September 8, 2022
Reports
New York City’s Workforce Landscape Report

Workforce Development
James A. Parrott and Lina Moe
September 1, 2022
Economic Updates
Labor force participation and employment rates have recovered for the city's women workers, but not men.

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
L.K. Moe and James A. Parrott
August 18, 2022
Economic Updates
Amidst Recession Concerns, Congress Funds Steps Toward Green Job Growth and Economic Recovery

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
Lauren Melodia
August 4, 2022
Economic Updates
New York City’s young adults are bearing the brunt of the pandemic jobs displacement; the employment rate for young men plunges to 34 percent.

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
July 21, 2022
Reports
For one in 10 New York Workers: 'Independent Contractor' Means Underpaid and Unprotected

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott and Lina Moe
June 22, 2022
Economic Updates
Interest rate increases likely will slow the recovery in the state’s three regions; NYC’s tech industry has 6.4 percent more jobs than pre-pandemic, but lags the nation.

State of the NYC Economy
June 16, 2022
Economic Updates
New York City has gained back 100,000 jobs during the first four months of this year but employment in face-to-face industries is still nearly 10 percent below pre-pandemic levels.

State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
June 2, 2022
Economic Updates
Considering recent economic turmoil, three problems are likely to beset the city’s job market for the next year or two.

State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
May 12, 2022
Economic Updates
Recovering industries continue to account for most of the city’s job gains; the number of households turning to public assistance is rising sharply

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
April 21, 2022
Economic Updates
New York City has recovered 70% of its job loss; some industries are likely to continue lagging. And 15 industries have bucked the trend and increased jobs above pre-pandemic levels.

State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
April 7, 2022
Economic Updates
Even with sizable upward annual employment revisions, New York City’s pandemic jobs deficit remains more than three times the national average

State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
March 24, 2022
Reports
Full Employment and Raising Wages: New York City’s Twin Economic Challenges in Emerging from the Pandemic

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
March 16, 2022
Reports
The Case for Ending Poverty Wages For New York City’s Human Services Workers

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
James A. Parrott and Lina Moe
March 8, 2022
Economic Updates
Employment lags significantly in the city’s face-to-face industries, some remote-working industries also lag, and several industries with job gains pay low wages

State of the NYC Economy
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott
February 24, 2022
Economic Updates
Probing New York City’s pandemic-era differences in labor force participation and employment by gender, age, and race/ethnicity

State of the NYC Economy
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
James A. Parrott
February 10, 2022
Economic Updates
New York City’s pandemic jobs deficit stood at 421,000 in December 2021; 15.2 percent Black unemployment in the fourth quarter

State of the NYC Economy
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
James A. Parrott
January 27, 2022
Economic Updates
New York’s unemployment crisis stands out among all states; job opportunities evaporate for thousands of young city residents

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott
January 13, 2022
Economic Updates
New York State’s Unprecedented Covid-19 Unemployment Crisis Requires a Comprehensive, Immediate Active Labor Market Response

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott
January 13, 2022
Reports
New York City’s Covid-19 Federal Relief Funding: Implications for Human Services And Workforce Development

Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
Human Services & Childcare Workforce
Derek Thomas and James A. Parrott
December 16, 2021
Reports
New York State’s Lagging Recovery From the Covid-19 Pandemic

State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
December 14, 2021
Reports
Navigating Uncertain Waters: NYC Workforce Professionals In The Age Of Covid-19

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
December 8, 2021
Economic Updates
Strong October job growth when Covid-19 infection rates dropped; only a handful of low-paid industries see wage gains despite reports of higher wage offers

State of the NYC Economy
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott
December 2, 2021
Economic Updates
New York State’s 875,000 (8.9 percent) jobs deficit is tops in the nation

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott
November 18, 2021
Economic Updates
New Yorkers have received $272 billion in Federal Covid-19 relief funding, but most benefits have run out while a substantial jobs deficit persists.

State of the NYC Economy
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
Budget Analysis & Tax Policy
James A. Parrott
November 4, 2021
Economic Updates
It’s clear that most of the half-million unemployed New York City workers are not jobless by choice.

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott
October 21, 2021
Reports
Post-Covid Workforce Development: A Digital Transformation and What It Means for Workforce Professionals

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
September 21, 2021
Reports
A Long and Slow Road to Recovery in New York City’s Hospitality Sector in the Wake of Covid-19

State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
James A. Parrott and Sierra Lewandowski
September 17, 2021
Reports
The Astoria Project: Employment, Health, and Well-being in One New York City Neighborhood During Covid

The Astoria Project survey captures the multi-dimensional impact on a single New York City neighborhood during the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing together economic findings, reflections on health and mental health effects, and new perceptions of risk now enveloping routine daily activities.

Human Services & Childcare Workforce
Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
State of the NYC Economy
Workforce Development
L.K. Moe
June 2, 2021
Reports
Workforce Development Organizations: Resilient through Covid-19 and Essential for Economic Recovery

Workforce Development
Lina Moe & Angelina Garneva
March 23, 2021
Reports
New York City’s Covid-19 Economy Will Not Snap Back

State of the NYC Economy
James A. Parrott
February 12, 2021
Reports
New York City’s Gig Driver Pay Standard: Effects on Drivers, Passengers, and the Companies

This report examines New York City’s app-dispatch driver pay standard and finds that in the first year of the pay standard (pre-pandemic) driver pay increased by about nine percent, passenger fares rose slightly but not much more than in Chicago without a pay standard, passenger wait times declined significantly, and some of the pay increase was absorbed by the app-dispatch companies through lower effective commission rates.

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James Parrott and Michael Reich
December 8, 2020
Reports
Reforming New York State’s Partial Unemployment Insurance Program: The Urgency Now is Greater Than Ever Before

New York’s antiquated law governing unemployment insurance disincentivizes work and threatens to slow the economic recovery. This report from the CNYCA analyzes the proposed Stirpe-Ramos bill’s reform for New York’s partial unemployment insurance benefits and finds that low- and moderate-income workers would benefit and models several scenarios to show that additional costs to the state’s UI trust fund will be small.

Low-Paid Work, Independent Contractors & Labor Standards
James A. Parrott and Lina Moe
December 3, 2020
Reports
Building Equitable Job Ladders for Social Services workers

Nonprofit social services provide essential services for a broad swathe of New Yorkers, yet these organizations face significant workforce retention and recruitment problems. This report from the Center for New York City Affairs outlines concrete steps that can be taken to invest in these essential workers by building robust career ladders, addressing pay disparities among workers, and raising the compensation of nonprofit workers to aid in retention and recruitment. The ongoing public health emergency and economic dislocation make clear the need to invest in social service workers essential not only during emergencies but also day in and day out.

Poverty & Systemic Inequalities
Workforce Development
Sierra Lewandowski, L.K. Moe and James A. Parrott
November 17, 2020